When it comes to pizza, few styles are as revered as Neapolitan pizza. Originating from Naples, Italy, this iconic dish embodies a rich history and a commitment to quality ingredients. But what exactly defines a traditional Neapolitan pizza, and how can we innovate it for a new generation of pizza lovers?
What Makes a Neapolitan Pizza?
1. The Dough The foundation of Neapolitan pizza is its dough, a mixture of just four key ingredients: flour, water, salt, and yeast. The flour used is typically “00” flour, which is a finely milled wheat flour renowned for its high protein content. This flour produces a dough that is both light, airy and pliable, allowing for easy stretching without tearing. The dough is slowly kneaded, which enhances its texture and structure, and is left to rise for an extended period—often between 8 to 24 hours. This fermentation process develops complex flavors and contributes to the dough’s elasticity. As a result, the crust achieves a characteristic lightness and a chewy texture, with an airy interior and a slightly crispy exterior. We use Caputo flours at Ojo's Pizza and we ferment at room temperature giving the dough a similar taste to sourdough.
2. The Sauce In authentic Neapolitan pizza, the sauce plays a pivotal role in flavoring the pizza. The sauce is primarily made from San Marzano tomatoes, a variety cultivated in the volcanic soil of the San Marzano region near Naples. These tomatoes are known for their sweet, rich flavor and low acidity, which makes them ideal for pizza sauce. The traditional method involves crushing the tomatoes by hand to maintain their integrity, ensuring a fresh and vibrant taste. Seasoning is kept minimal—typically just salt—to allow the natural sweetness and flavor of the tomatoes to shine through, creating a harmonious balance with the dough and toppings. We also make our sauce in this way using San Marzano tomatoes, sea salt and a few herbs.
3. The Cheese This is another essential element of Neapolitan pizza, with fresh mozzarella being the cheese of choice. Authentic Neapolitan mozzarella is often made from buffalo milk (Mozzarella di Bufala Campana), which has a higher fat content and a creamier texture compared to cow's milk mozzarella. This cheese is produced using a traditional technique called pasta filata, where the curds are heated and stretched to create a smooth and elastic cheese. It is typically sliced or torn into small pieces and placed on the pizza in dollops, allowing it to melt beautifully while also providing a creamy, rich flavor that complements the acidity of the tomato sauce.
4. The Toppings Neapolitan pizzas are renowned for their simplicity and minimalism regarding toppings. The philosophy behind this approach is to highlight the quality and flavor of each ingredient rather than overwhelming the palate with an array of choices. For example, the Margherita includes fresh basil leaves, which add a fragrant herbal note, and a drizzle of extra virgin olive oil, contributing richness and enhancing the overall flavor. Additionally, a light sprinkle of Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese may be added for a touch of umami. The focus is on using high-quality ingredients that come together in perfect harmony, creating a balanced and flavorful pizza experience. We always have a Queen Margherita pizza on our menu and try to follow this philosophy.
5. The Cooking Method The cooking method is perhaps one of the most defining features of Neapolitan pizza. Traditionally, Neapolitan pizzas are cooked in a wood-fired oven that reaches temperatures around 900°F (480°C). This high heat is crucial for achieving the signature charred crust and bubbly, slightly blistered surface that characterizes Neapolitan pizza. The cooking process is quick, typically lasting only 60 to 90 seconds, allowing the crust to puff up and develop a unique texture. The intense heat also helps to retain the moisture of the toppings while creating a delicious contrast between the crispy exterior and the soft, chewy interior.
Introducing Neo-Neapolitan Pizza
While the traditional approach to Neapolitan pizza is cherished, there’s always room for innovation. The "Neo-Neapolitan" pizza concept takes the classic elements of Neapolitan pizza and introduces modern twists that cater to contemporary tastes and preferences.
1. Creative Dough Variations The dough, while remaining true to its traditional roots, can be reimagined by incorporating different types of flour and hydration percentages. For instance, whole wheat flour introduces a nuttier flavor and more fiber, while gluten-free options cater to those with dietary restrictions. Additionally, infusing the dough with herbs, spices, or even unique ingredients like activated charcoal can enhance its flavor and visual appeal, setting the stage for an exciting pizza experience.
2. Gourmet Sauces While the classic tomato sauce is a staple, Neo-Neapolitan pizza opens the door to gourmet sauce options that can elevate the flavour profile. Using a basil pesto as a base adds a vibrant green color and a burst of herbal flavor, while spicy arrabbiata sauce introduces a kick of heat. Other inventive sauces, such as roasted red pepper, bbq or white garlic sauce, can provide a unique twist on the traditional flavor while still complementing the core ingredients.
3. Unique Cheese Options In the realm of cheese, Neo-Neapolitan pizza embraces a variety of cheeses to offer distinct flavour experiences. Burrata, with its creamy center, adds a luxurious touch, while smoked mozzarella imparts a delightful smokiness. The use of vegan cheese alternatives is also gaining traction, allowing those with dietary restrictions or preferences to enjoy a delicious pizza without sacrificing flavor.
4. Bold Toppings When it comes to toppings, the Neo-Neapolitan pizza is characterised by its adventurous spirit. Seasonal vegetables, such as roasted butternut squash or grilled asparagus, introduce fresh flavors and textures. Unique proteins, like prosciutto di Parma, slow-cooked beef or spicy chorizo, add depth and complexity. Additionally, unexpected ingredients such as truffle oil or pickled onions can enhance the overall flavor, creating a pizza experience that surprises and delights.
5. Cooking with Flair The traditional wood-fired cooking method remains a hallmark of Neo-Neapolitan pizza, but modern techniques can be incorporated to further enhance flavour. Experimenting with different types of wood can impart unique smoky notes, while hybrid cooking methods, such as par-baking can retain the texture of the base without overcooking the toppings.
At the end of the day...
Whether you’re a purist at heart or someone who loves to push the culinary envelope, there’s something special about both traditional and Neo-Neapolitan takes on pizza. The beauty of pizza lies in its versatility, allowing for creativity while still honoring its rich heritage.
So, next time you’re in the mood for pizza, consider exploring the depths of flavor and innovation found in both classic Neapolitan and Neo-Neapolitan options. Both promise to deliver a delightful experience that celebrates the art of pizza-making!
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